A New Electro-Biomembrane Integrated Renewable-Based System to Produce Power, Fresh Water and Hydrogen for Sustainable Communities

As the consequences of global warming become more severe, it is more crucial than ever to capitalize on all locally accessible potential renewable energy sources and produce sufficient useable energy outputs to meet community demands while causing the least damage to the ecosystem. Therefore, this paper focuses on a unique parabolic trough collector solar system‑powered electro‑biomembrane unit that combines a heat and power system with fresh water, electricity, and hydrogen (H2) production. The proposed integrated system contains the following subsystems: a combining parabolic trough collector solar system, an organic Rankine cycle, a steam Rankine cycle, a multi‑stage flash desalination system, and an electro‑biomembrane H2 and freshwater production system. A thorough analysis and parametric research are performed on the multigeneration system to determine how important characteristics affect system performance and evaluate the energy and exergy efficiency, and exergy destruction levels for particular system elements. The study results show that solar irradiation is the most critical parameter for improving system performance. The highest freshwater production of 1,303,333.3 L/day is observed at the solar irradiation of 935,768 kWh/day. Furthermore, the combined output of three electricity production technologies exceeds 2,000,000 kWh/day, highlighting the ability of the system to harness solar thermal energy effectively. The findings indicate that using solar power and biomass as renewable energy sources, the proposed integrated system provided 328.56 kg of biohydrogen per day. Overall, the energy and exergy efficiencies of the integrated system are obtained at 34.3 and 29.5 %, respectively.